360DigiTMG – Artificial Intelligence course in Lucknow
Introduction
Defining Artificial Intelligence:
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is defined as the ability of machines to mimic the cognitive functions of the human brain like thinking and taking decisions for pertaining to the environment to achieve certain goals. AI is generally designed as the contrast to the natural intelligence of higher order animal brains. It has significantly evolved in the past decades. AI is generally comprised of ‘intelligent agents’ which takes inputs from the real world to make decisions on its own, without any human interference. AI is grouped into two categories: 1. Narrow/Weak AI; 2. General/Strong AI. Weak AI is defined as an intelligent system designed to perform a narrow or specific task, such as self-driving car. In such case, AI only has to perform the function of detecting obstacles while moving to avoid them. On the other hand, General AI refers to highly complex AI programs which rival humans in all cognitive functions and can compete or even beat them in various ways such as Virtual Assistants, Bipedal Humanoid Robots etc.
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History of AI:
The concept of AI is not new. Since the development of modern computing by Alan Turing, interest in using digital logic to solve real life problems has become popular. In 1956, the first AI workshop was held at Dartmouth College. Initially, several programs, which could do simple functions better than human, were created. This was followed by a period of increased efforts on AI and further developments. In the 60’s, the US Department of Defense funded AI research heavily. Due to lack of further developments, many governments cut down the funding for AI researches in the 1970’s. This period was termed as ‘AI Winter’. Further developments in the 80’s and the 90’s contributed to the popularity of AI. An increase in the computational capacity of devices due to Moore’s law contributed a lot in the AI development. Further developments in the last two decades provided extreme popularity among the people around the world. Many new techniques like, data mining, regression, machine learning, natural language processing has been developed. The AI revolution took place from self-driving cars to personal assistants and handheld devices.
Risks posed by AI:
Nowadays, the main aim of many researchers in the field of AI is to use it for education, research and the benefits of the society. Many fields like law, medicine and economics have been taken over by AI which can process copious amounts of data pertaining to make better decisions than humans. All this is good until AI does what we want it to do. The major concern of many experts is the development of a strong AI which can beat human at all cognitive functions. Such an AI program can undergo recursive self-improvement. This may lead to an intelligence explosion, which can cause AI to be extremely intelligent and leave the human intelligence far behind. This may result in a wide repercussion which can either lead to good or annihilation. Whatever the abilities/advantages of AI are, there is no doubt that it will remain as one of the areas of science having a wide scope for decades, even centuries. Thus, it’s a wonderful option to study and explore the world of computer logic for any aspiring student of computer sciences.
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